Piet Mondrian

Another artist who saw the beauty of mathematics and art's close connection was Piet Mondrian (1872 – 1944). The Dutch artist made use of simple geometrical shapes and primary colors. His believed that all shapes can be created with the simple geometric shapes, such as the rectangle, while all colors are the result of combinations of red, blue, and yellow. 

While his early works were influenced by his spiritual and philosophical beliefs, his work shifted around 1919 upon his return to Paris when he began his popular grid-like artwork. The golden rectangle is one of the basic shapes that appear in Mondrian's art, such as the Composition with Gray and Light Brown (1918) and Composition with Red, Yellow, and Blue (1926).

Every true artist has been inspired more by the beauty of lines and color and the relationships between them than by the concrete subject of the picture. 

– Piet Mondrian